How are clay ceramics typically manufactured?

Clay ceramics are typically manufactured by shaping wet clay and then heating it in a furnace, a process known as firing. This method begins with the formation of clay into the desired shape using techniques such as hand shaping, wheel throwing, or pressing into molds. Once the clay has been shaped, it undergoes drying to remove moisture and then is subjected to high temperatures in a kiln.

The heating process causes physical and chemical changes: the clay particles sinter together, creating a solid and durable ceramic material. This hardening is essential for achieving the strength and structural integrity required for various applications of ceramics, such as pottery or bricks. The firing process also helps to enhance the appearance of the ceramic, as it can change the color and texture of the material.

Other methods listed, such as melting clay and forming shapes or simply mixing clay with water and baking, do not accurately describe the traditional ceramic manufacturing process. Melting clay is not typical since ceramics are often produced from a mix of ground minerals that require firing to achieve their final properties rather than being melted. Likewise, while pouring into molds is a technique used in some processes like casting, it does not encompass the full traditional process associated with ceramics, which relies heavily on shaping wet clay followed by firing.