What are some useful materials created from crude oil fractions?

The choice that identifies useful materials created from crude oil fractions is correct because crude oil is a complex mixture that, when refined, yields a variety of valuable products. The distillation of crude oil separates it into different fractions, each containing hydrocarbons of varying chain lengths and properties.

Among these fractions, we can derive solvents, which are often used in paints and cleaning products; lubricants, which reduce friction in machinery; polymers, which are essential in the production of plastics and synthetic materials; and detergents, which are utilized for cleaning purposes. These products are all essential to various industries and everyday life, showcasing the versatility of hydrocarbons obtained from crude oil.

The other options do not accurately reflect the products derived from crude oil. For instance, while fuels are indeed obtained from crude oil, pesticides and proteins do not originate from crude oil fractions in the same way. Similarly, inorganic acids, although important in chemistry, are typically not produced from crude oil but from other chemical processes. It’s crucial to recognize how the refining of crude oil leads to a wide range of useful organic compounds that serve numerous applications in daily life and industry.