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The complete combustion of a hydrocarbon occurs in the presence of a sufficient amount of oxygen and results in the formation of carbon dioxide and water. During this process, the hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen, breaking down the carbon and hydrogen atoms within the hydrocarbon molecule.
As the reaction takes place, the carbon atoms combine with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, and the hydrogen atoms combine with oxygen to form water. This process is highly exothermic, meaning it releases a significant amount of energy in the form of heat and light, which is why it is often utilized in energy production, such as in engines and heating systems.
In contrast, if there is insufficient oxygen, incomplete combustion may occur, potentially producing carbon monoxide and soot instead, which is not the case with complete combustion. The formation of hydrogen and carbon as products is not representative of combustion but rather relates to different chemical reactions or processes. Thus, the formation of carbon dioxide and water is the definitive outcome of complete combustion, accurately describing the expected products.