What does the term "reinforcement" refer to in composite materials?

The term "reinforcement" in the context of composite materials specifically refers to the added material that provides strength and improves the overall properties of the composite. In composite materials, the reinforcement can be made from various materials such as fibers, particles, or flakes, which are embedded in a matrix or binding agent. This combination is designed to enhance the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and stiffness, resulting in materials that can withstand greater loads and stresses compared to the base material alone.

Reinforcements serve to distribute loads effectively and prevent the propagation of cracks, thus significantly improving durability. The effectiveness of the reinforcement depends on its type, orientation, and arrangement within the matrix. This synergy between the reinforcement and the matrix is what characterizes composite materials and allows them to be engineered for specific applications with tailored properties.