What is sacrificial protection?

Sacrificial protection involves using a less reactive metal to protect a more reactive one, a principle grounded in electrochemistry. In this method, the less reactive metal acts as a sacrificial anode, meaning that it will corrode or oxidize preferentially to the metal that is being protected. For example, if zinc is used to protect iron, the zinc will corrode first, thereby preventing rust from forming on the iron. This is particularly useful in environments where metals are exposed to moisture and oxygen, creating conditions favorable for corrosion.

This method is widely applied in various industries, such as in pipelines, ships, and metal structures, as it effectively extends the lifespan of the more reactive metal without requiring constant maintenance. As a result, using sacrificial protection is a practical and economical approach to preventing corrosion.