What is the main advantage of using alloys over pure metals?

The main advantage of using alloys over pure metals is that alloys often have improved strength and resistance. Alloys are created by combining a base metal with other elements, which can significantly enhance their physical properties. For instance, the addition of carbon to iron creates steel, which exhibits increased tensile strength and hardness compared to pure iron.

This improvement in properties is due to the disruption of the metal's crystal structure that occurs when different-sized atoms are introduced into the lattice. This often results in alloys that are more durable, wear-resistant, and capable of withstanding greater stresses without deforming or breaking. In many applications, such as construction or machinery, this enhanced performance is crucial.

While it's true that some alloys can be easier to melt, not all possess this characteristic as their melting points can vary widely. Additionally, alloys are not universally less expensive than pure metals; in some cases, the process of creating an alloy can be costlier. Finally, while some alloys may be lighter than their pure metal counterparts, this is not a general rule as the density of alloys can differ based on their composition. Therefore, the improved strength and resistance provided by alloys are the standout advantages that make them preferable for various applications.