What is the term for the process that converts alkenes into polymers?

The correct answer pertains to addition polymerization, which is the process by which alkenes, which are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond, undergo a reaction to form long-chain polymer molecules. In this process, the double bond of the alkene opens up and allows the alkene molecules to link together, creating a larger macromolecule.

Addition polymerization is a fundamental process in the production of many types of synthetic materials, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, which are derived from their respective monomers, ethylene and propylene. This reaction typically requires specific conditions, such as heat or the presence of a catalyst, to initiate the process.

In contrast, condensation polymerization involves the reaction of monomers with the elimination of a small molecule, often water, and is used in the formation of different classes of polymers like polyesters. Fatty acid synthesis is a biological process for creating fatty acids and is not relevant to the polymerization of alkenes. Therefore, the term addition polymerization accurately describes the conversion of alkenes into polymers, highlighting the nature of the chemical bonds formed during this transformation.