Why is it important to sterilise fresh water?

Sterilising fresh water is crucial primarily to kill microbes, which include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause diseases in humans and animals. When fresh water is contaminated with these pathogens, consuming or using that water can lead to serious health issues, such as gastrointestinal infections, cholera, and other waterborne diseases. By effectively sterilising the water, these harmful organisms are eradicated, making the water safe for drinking, cooking, and other uses.

While enhancing taste, improving color, or adding minerals may be aspects of water treatment, they do not address the immediate health hazards posed by microbial contamination. The primary concern in ensuring safe water for consumption is to eliminate any potential harmful microorganisms, which is why the emphasis on sterilisation is so important.